The beginning of programs being shared and areas being created:¶
1983 - ARPANET switched to TC/ICP
1984 - Domain names come and gov,.edu,.net,.org,.com
1987 - 10,000 hosts on ‘the internet’
1988 - Commercialization of email begins
1991 - web comes into existence
Automaton: one that examines its state, and then selects an action based on that state
Early viruses were written as experiments
Virus: requires a host program to move around, executes itself before host program does what it is supposed to do
Worm: self-sufficient program on its own
Creeper - would copy itself onto connected computers. Wasn't meant to be malicious, more a wonder if it will work thing
Reaper - set out to eliminate creeper
ANIMAL - the first trojan, act as a 20 question style game but secretly add the ANIMAL program to the device
A Trojan virus: is a virus hiding inside another program
1980s more connected computing
Hypertext; a formalization and action based on relationship, the relationship itself has the capacity to act
Maggie appleton
Some of its patterns:
Jump links versus visible links
Parallel docs
Transclusion
Stable addresses for blocks of text
Annotation overlays
Multiple views
Micropayments
Xanadu
Link info is stored by the system apart from the source text, allows each user to have their own web of info
Microcosm
Intermedia - connected five different applications into a scholar’s workstation Nicole Yankelovich, Nancy Garrett, Karen Caitlin; Apple nicks elements of the design
Marshall comes up with a system that imagines info on notecards, with hypertextual linking, cards could be chained together into sequences/mindmaps/collections